Abstract:

Melanoma is a malignant neoplasm of skin melanocytic origin, which is one of the most aggressive tumors of neuroectodermal origin, which develops from melanocytes. Underlying pathology changes in the activity of melanogenesis is pigmentsinteziruyuschih cells. The problem of background states of malignant tumors of the skin is one of the priorities of practical health and science. In the diagnosis of melanoma, dysplastic nevi, and other background states required a careful approach to the primary patient and strict implementation of algorithms for testing. The specificity for the diagnosis of melanoma using Dermatoscopy high enough (within 93.0 %) as in the pigmented nevi verification ( in 92.0 %). The advantage of laser scanning confocal fluorescence microscopy is a high sensitivity and specificity, and the ability to conduct stratified skin studies to establish the incidence of the pathological process. The first priority remains the prevention of their development, conducting screening and improved diagnostic methods based on the results of scientific research.

Keywords: skin melanoma, melanoma diagnosis, etiology and pathogenesis of melanoma, dermoscopy, melanoma prevention