Commonly acute pneumonia causes long-term rehabilitation, disabilities and mortality, especially among the persons of elderly and senile age. With the development of this disease pulmonology serious effects on the body has hypoxia. In modern literature a large number of works devoted to the study of pneumonia, however, relatively little studied mechanisms of hypoxia on blood erythrocytes and neutrophils. The purpose of the study - to determine the morphology and mechanical changes of erythrocytes and neutrophils of patients average elderly pneumonia to find additional assessment criteria to diagnose the impact of hypoxia on the body. As a result of this work it was found that by changing the parameters of the blood cells in people with pneumonia in all age groups (average, elderly age) affects both infectious and hypoxic exposure.